华人听不懂外语，被误切子宫！这些病情的英文表达必知

有这样一则新闻：《西班牙华人女子因语言障碍，做手术被误切子宫》，讲的是华人移民赵女士，在西班牙检查时发现子宫良性肿瘤。可能是因为移民多年，赵女士感觉自己的语言没什么问题，所以和医生的沟通都是独自完成，随后就入院接受了手术治疗。

不久后她返回医院复查，却被告知子宫已被切除。原来，西班牙医院的医生给她提供了两种方案，一种是只切除肿瘤，另一种是根治性的子宫全切。尽管赵女士的外语应付日常生活毫无困难，但面对专业的医学术语，她犹如听天书一般，只是不停地回答“是”，并在同意书上签了字。赵女士“仅是”因为这个小小的错误失去了一个器官。

虽然此事发生在西班牙，但我们对这样的状况非常熟悉，在非母语环境就医：不能准确描述病情，医生在讲什么也几乎听不懂。医学翻译无儿戏，任何一个细节，哪怕仅仅是表述得不准确，都有可能误导医生的判断。所以说，你需要知道一些常见病情的准确英语表达。

医学名词 Medical Terminology

过敏 Allergy

健康诊断 Gernral Check-up

检查 Examination

入院 Admission to Hospotial

退院 Discharge from Hospital

症状 Symptom

营养 Nutrition

病例 Clinical History

诊断 Diagnosis

治疗 Treatment

预防 Prevention

呼吸 Respiration

便通 Bowel Movement

便 Stool

尿 Urine

血液 Blood

脉搏 Pulse, Pulsation

脉搏数 Pulse Rate

血型 Blood Type

血压 Blood Pressure

麻醉 Anesthesia

全身麻醉 General Anesthesia

静脉麻醉 Intravenous Anesthesia

脊椎麻醉 Spinal Anesthesia

局部麻醉 Local Anesthesia

手术 Operation

切除 Resectionlie

副作用 Side Effect

洗净 Irrigation

注射 Injection

X光 X-Ray

红外线 Ultra Red-Ray

慢性的 Chronic

急性的 Acute

体格 Build

亲戚 Relative

遗传 Heredity

免疫 Immunity

血清 Serum

流行性的 Epidemic

潜伏期 Incubation Period

滤过性病毒 Virus

消毒 Sterilization

抗生素 Antibiotic

脑波 E.E.G

洗肠 Enema

结核反映 Tuberculin Reaction

华氏 Fahrenheit

摄氏 Celsius, Centigrade

药品 Medicine

袋 Ice Bag

药品 Medicine (Drug)

绷带 Bandage

胶带 Adhesive Tape

剪刀 Scissors

体温计 Thermometer

药丸 Tablet, Pill

舌下锭 Sublingual Tablet

胶囊 Capsules

软膏 Ointment

眼药 Eye Medicine

止咳药 Cough Medicine

阿司匹林 Aspirin

止疼药 Pain Killer

药方prescription

症状 symptom

发烧 Fever

高烧 High Fever

发冷 Chillsz

发汗 Sweats

盗汗 Night Sweats

倦怠 Tireness

失眠 Insomnia

肩头发硬 Stiffness in Shoulder

打喷嚏 Sneeze

打嗝 Hiccup

痒 Itch

腰疼 Low Back Pain

头疼 Headache

痛 Pain (Ache)

急性疼痛 Acute Pain

激痛 Severe Pain

钝痛 dull Pain

压痛 Pressing Pain

刺痛 Sharp Pain

戳痛 Piercing Pain

一跳一跳地痛 Throbbing Pain

针扎似的痛 Prickling Pain

烧痛 Burning Pain

裂痛 Tearing Pain

持续痛 Continuous Pain

不舒服 Uncomfortable

绞痛 Colic

放射痛 Rediating Pain

溃烂痛 Sore Pain

痉挛痛 Crampy Pain

顽痛 Persistent Pain

轻痛 Slight Pain

血尿 Bloody Urine

浓尿 Pyuria

粘液便 Mucous Stool

粘土样便 Clay-Colored Stool

验血 Blood Analysis

红血球 Red Cell

白血球 White Cell

呼吸数 Respiration Rate

呼气 Expiration

吸气 Inspiration

呼吸困难 Difficulty in Breathing

不规则脉搏 Irregular Pulse

慢脉 Bradycardia

快脉 Rapid Pulse

尿浑浊 Cloudy Urine

蛋白质 Albuminuria

糖尿 Glucosuria

瘦 thin, Skinny

肥 Fat

孕检

医生类别

妇产科 Obstetrics & Gynecology

产科医生 Obstetrician OB/GYN

助产士 Midwife

产房护士 Labor-room nurse

儿科医生 Paediatrician

麻醉师 Anesthetist

B超医师 Ultrasound Doctor/Technician

哺乳顾问 Lactation Consultant

子宫及相关各部位名称

子宫 Uterus (womb)

子宫颈 Cervix

子宫壁 Uterine wall

阴道 Vagina

卵巢 Ovary

输卵管 Fallopian tube

羊水 Amniotic fluid

骨盆 Pelvis

产道 Birth canal

膀胱 Bladder

尿道 Urethra

直肠 Rectum

会阴 Perineum

阴毛 Pubic hair

肠 Bowel

孕早期

月经 Menstruation (Periods)

下腹部痛 Low abdominal pain

阴道分泌物 Vaginal Discharge

月经周期 Menstrual Cycle

月经痛 Dysmenorrhea

无月经 Amenorrhea

排卵 Ovulation

受精 Conception

着床 Implantation

流产 Miscarriage

堕胎 Abortion

害喜 Morning sickness

B-超 Ultrasound

预产期 Due date，Date of delivery

孕期胎症状

胎儿 Fetal

胎动 Fetal Movement; Quickening

入盆 The baby’s head engaged in the pelvis

头位 Cephalic position

臀位 Breech position

羊水过多 Polyhydramnion

羊水渗漏 Leakage

早期破水 Premature Rupture

胞状畸胎 Hydatid Mole

胎盘前置 Placenta Praevia

盘卷脐带 Coiling of the Umbilical Cord

羊水穿刺 Amniocentesis

孕妇症状

浮肿 Edema

贫血 Anemia

腿抽筋 Leg Cramp

小便频繁 Urinate frequently

排尿困难 Dysuria

痔疮 Hemorrhoids

便秘 Constipation

静脉曲张 Varicose vein

黄褐斑 Chloasma

黑线 Linea nigra

尿道炎 Urinary Trust Infection

蛋白尿症 Albuminuria

子痫前症/孕期高血压 Preeclampsia

糖尿病 Diabetes

骨盆狭窄 Narrow Pelvic

早产 Premature Birth

直肠检查 Rectal Examination

阴道检查 Internal (Vaginal) Examination

预产期 Date of delivery; Due date

宫缩 Contractions

孕中晚期轻微宫缩 Braxton-Hicks contractions

阵痛 Labor Pain

破水 Water-break /rupture of membranes

开宫口 Cervical dilation

婴儿露顶 Crowning

分娩

剖腹产 C-section

顺产 Vaginal birth

在刨腹产后第二胎选择顺产 VBAC（Vaginal Birth After C-Section）

药物催产 Induction

催产素 Pitocin

硬膜外麻醉（无痛分娩） Epidural

麻醉 Anesthesia

脊髓麻醉 Spinal block

止痛剂 Analgesics

胎儿心音 Fetal Heart Sounds

胎心监护器 Fetal monitor

子宫收缩 Contraction

会阴切开 Episiotomy

会阴缝合 Perineorrhaphy Stitch

胎盘前置 Placenta Praevia

胎盘分离 Separation of the Placenta

脐带绕颈 Coiling of the Umbilical Cord

骨盆狭窄 Narrow Pelvic

会阴裂伤 Laceration of the Perineum

子宫破裂 Tubal Rupture

剖腹产 Caesarean Section

产钳助产 Forceps Delivery

难产 Dystocia

早产 Premature Birth

灌肠器 enema

产钳 forceps

真空抽提器 Vacuum extractor

产床脚蹬 Stirrup

产后

胎盘 Placenta

恶露 Lochia

早产 Premature Birth

双胞胎 Twins

产褥热 Puerperal Fever

妊娠纹 Striations of Pregnancy

产后沮丧 Baby Blue

产后忧郁症 Postpartum Depression ( PPD )

小便 Urinate

放屁 Expel/make gas

喂养

母乳喂养 Breast Feeding

人工喂养 Bottle Feeding

初乳 Colostrum

乳头 Nipple

乳晕 Areola

乳腺 Mammary glands

哺乳期 Lactation

奶泵 Brest Pump

新生儿

肚脐 Navel

脐带 Umbilical cord

脐带血 Cord blood

黄疸 Lcterus (Jaundice)

阿普迦新生儿评分 Apgar score

胎儿皮脂 Vernixz

婴儿胎毛、绒毛 Lanugo

小便 Pee

大便 Poo

打嗝 Burping

病情描述

一般病情

He feels headache, nausea and vomiting.

他觉得头痛、恶心和想吐。

He is under the weather.

他不舒服，生病了。

He began to feel unusually tired.

他感到反常的疲倦。

He feels light-headed.

他觉得头晕。

She has been shut-in for a few days.

她生病在家几天了。

Her head is pounding.

她头痛。

His symptoms include loss of appetite, weight loss, excessive fatigue, fever and chills.

他的症状包括没有食欲、体重减轻、非常疲倦、发烧和发冷。

He feels exhausted or fatigued most of the time.

他大部份时间都觉得非常疲倦。

He has been lacking in energy for some time.

他感到虚弱有段时间了。

He feels drowsy, dizzy and nauseated.

他觉得昏昏欲睡，头晕目眩和想吐。

He feels as though everything around him is spinning.

他感到周围的东西都在打转。

He has noticed some loss of hearing.

他发觉听力差些。

She has some pains and itching around her eyes.

她眼睛四周又痛又痒。

伤风感冒

He has been coughing up rusty or greenish-yellow phlegm.

他咳嗽带有绿黄色的痰。

His eyes feel itchy and he has been sneezing.

他眼睛发痒，而且一直在打喷嚏。

He has a fever, aching muscles and hacking cough. (hacking = constant)

他有发烧，筋骨酸痛和常常咳嗽。

He coughed with sputum and feeling of malaise. (malaise = debility)

他咳嗽有浓痰，而且觉得很虚弱。

He gets a cold with a deep hacking cough.

他伤风咳嗽。

He has a headache, aching bones and joints.

他头痛，骨头、关节也痛。

He has a persistent cough.

他不停地在咳。

He has bouts of uncontrollable coughing.

他一阵阵的咳嗽，难以控制。

He has hoarse and has lost his voice sometimes.

他声音嘶哑，有时失声。

He has a sore throat and a stuffy nose.

他嗓子疼痛而且鼻子不通。

His breathing is harsh and wheezy.

他呼吸时，有气喘似的呼哧呼哧作响。

He has a stabbing pain that comes on suddenly in one or both temples.

有时突然间太阳穴刺痛。

He has a runny nose, sneezing or a scratchy throat.

他流鼻水，打喷嚏和喉咙沙哑。

女性疾病

She has noticed one lump in her breast.

她发觉乳房有个肿块。

There is a hard, swollen lump on her right breast.

她右乳房有肿块。

Her left breast is painful and swollen.

她左乳房疼痛且肿大。

She has heavy bleeding with her periods.

她月经来的很多。

Her vaginal discharge is white or greenish-yellow and unpleasant smelling.

她阴道分泌物带白色或绿黄色，而且气味不好。

She has noticed occasional spotting of blood between periods.

在月经来的前后，她有时也发觉有滴滴达达的流血。

She has some bleeding after intercourse.

性交后有出血。

She feels some vaginal itching.

她感到阴部发痒。

She has painful periods and abnormal vaginal discharge.

她月经来时疼痛，而且阴道有不正常的分泌物。

手脚疾病

His both hands and feet ache all over.

他两手两脚都很酸痛。

He has pain on the sole of his feet.

他脚底很痛。

There is a wart-like lump on the sole of right foot.

我右脚底有个像肉疣般的硬块。

His ankles look puffy and they pit when he presses them with his finger. (pit = small dent form?句里的 they 和 them 都是指 ankles)

他的足踝好象肿了，用手按，就有小坑痕。

The pain in his left foot is accompanied by redness and swelling.

左脚酸痛，并有红肿。

The joints near his fingernails and knuckles look swollen.

指头和指节旁边的关节，似乎有肿大。

He has numbness and tingling in his hands and fingers.

他的手和指头感到麻木和刺痛。

His legs become painful following strenuous exercise.

激烈运动后，他的腿就痛。

His knee is misshapen or unable to move.

他的膝盖有点畸形，也不能动。

There are some swellings in his armpit.

他的腋窝肿大。

He is troubled with painful muscles and joints.

他的筋骨和关节都痛。

She is troubled by the pains in the back and shoulders.

她的后背和肩膀都痛。

His knee has been bothering him for some time.

他的膝盖不舒服，已有一段时间了。

男性疾病

He urinates more frequently than usual.

他小便比平时多。

He has difficulty controlling his bladder.

他很难控制小便。bladder：膀胱

There are some lumps on his testicles.

他的睾丸有些硬块。

He has had burning or pain when he urinates.

他小便时感到发烫和疼痛。

He is passing less urine than usual.

他小便比平时少。

He has had painless swelling in his scrotum.

他的阴囊有不痛的肿大。

He feels lack of interest in sex.

他自觉对性的兴趣大减。

He has difficulty starting his urine flow.

他小便不畅通。

His urine stream is very weak and slow.

他小便流动得很慢很弱。

He dribbles a little urine after he has finished urinating.

他小便后，还会有少量零星地滴下。

He has had some discharge from his penis.

他的阴茎排出一些流脓。

His urine is cloudy and it smells strong.

他的小便混浊，而且气味不好。

He has a dull heavy ache in the crotch.

他的胯部感到隐痛。

He has a small leakage of urine when he coughs or sneezes.

他咳嗽或打喷嚏时，会有点泄尿。

He has trouble urinating.

他小便有困难。

呼吸方面

His breathing has become increasingly difficult.

他呼吸越来越困难。

He has to breathe through his mouth.

他要用口呼吸。

He is short of breath, even when he has not been exercising, he is breathless.他喘气?即使不运动，他也是上气不接下气。

His cough is more like wheezing.

他的咳嗽有呼哧呼哧的响声。

His cough is dry, producing no phlegm.

他是干咳，没有痰。

He has coughed up blood.

他咳嗽有血。

His nose stuffed up when he had a cold.

他感冒时鼻子就不通。

He coughs up a lot of phlegm (thick spit) on most days.

他多半时间咳出浓浓的痰。

He has a feeling of tightness in the chest or a feeling that he is suffocating.

他胸部觉得闷闷的，好象透不过气来。

口腔毛病

He has pain in his teeth or jaw.

他的牙齿和下巴疼痛。

He has some problems with his teeth.

他牙齿有问题。

The tooth hurts only when he bites down on it.

他咬东西时，牙齿就痛。

His gums are red and swollen.

他的牙床红肿。

His tongue is red and sore all over.

他的舌头到处红和痛。

His breath smells bad and he has a foul taste in his mouth.

他口里有怪味。

His gums do bleed.

他牙床有出血。

He has some sore swellings on his gum or jaw.

他的牙床和下巴肿痛。

He has sore places on or around the lip.

他的嘴唇和周围都很痛。

There are cracks at the corners of his mouth.

他的嘴巴角落破了。

There are some discolored areas inside on his tongue.

他舌头里边有些地方颜色怪怪的。

肠胃毛病

He has a bloated, uncomfortable feeling after meal.

他饭后肚子觉得胀胀的，很不舒服。

He has bouts of abdominal pain.

他有一阵阵的肚痛。

He feels bloated in his abdominal area.

他感到肚子胀胀的。

(注：胀胀的，像“puff up”，但不是真正的肿“swell up”。)

The pain is mainly in the lower (upper) right part of the abdomen.

痛是在肚子下半部。

He has nausea and vomiting.

他有恶心和呕吐。

It is difficult or painful for him to swallow.

他吞下食物时会痛。

He has passed more gas than usual.

他放屁比平常多。

He has been constipated for a few days.

他便秘了好几天。

He suffers pains when he moves his bowels.

他大便时很痛。

He has some bleeding from his rectum.

他的肛门出血。

He has noticed some blood in his bowel movements.

他发觉大便时有些血。

His bowel movements are pale, greasy and foul smelling.

他大便呈灰白色，含油脂的恶臭。

He has trouble with diarrhea.

他拉肚子。

血压&感官

His blood pressure is really up.

他的血压很高。

He has noticed frequent urination, increased thirst and unexpected tireness. 他发觉常常小便，非常口渴和更加疲倦。

It is a chest pain that gets worse when he bends over or lies down

他弯腰或躺下时，胸部更痛。

He has noticed excessive sweating and unexplained tireness.

他体会到过度的出汗和难以解释的疲倦。

He has a sharp pain in one area of his spine.

他的脊椎某部位刺痛。

He has pain in other joints including hip, knee and ankle.

其它关节疼痛包括臀部、膝盖和脚踝。

His eyes seem to be bulging.

他的眼睛觉得有点肿胀。

He has double vision.

他的视线有双重影子。

He feels there is a film over his eyes.

他觉得眼里有种薄膜似的东西，挡住视线。

His vision in the right eye blurred.

他右眼视线模糊不清。

He has had some earaches lately.

他近来耳朵有点痛。

He has a repeated buzzing or other noises in his ears.

他耳朵常有嗡嗡的声音。